Validitas Perjanjian Pra-Nikah (Prenuptial Agreement) Menurut Hukum Islam Dan Hukum Positif: Analisis Normatif Terhadap Peraturan Dan Putusan Pengadilan
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the validity of prenuptial agreements under Islamic law and positive law in Indonesia and to examine how religious courts interpret and apply such agreements in marital cases. The research employs a normative legal method with statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. Data were collected through library research and content analysis of relevant religious court decisions. The findings show that both Islamic law and Indonesian positive law recognize the legality of prenuptial agreements as long as they do not contradict the principles of Sharia, law, and morality. In Islamic law, the validity of prenuptial agreements is grounded in the principle of awfū bil ‘uqūd (fulfillment of contracts) and the concept of maslahah (public interest), while in positive law it is regulated under Article 29 of Law No. 1 of 1974 in conjunction with Law No. 16 of 2019, as further expanded by Constitutional Court Decision No. 69/PUU-XIII/2015. Judicial practice indicates that judges generally uphold the validity of prenuptial agreements, particularly regarding property separation, as long as the terms do not contradict Islamic principles. The study concludes that prenuptial agreements serve as a legitimate legal instrument to ensure legal certainty, justice, and protection for vulnerable parties, especially women.
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