Reinterpretasi Konsep ‘Āmm Wa Khāṣ dalam Penetapan Hukum Islam terhadap Fenomena Hedonisme dalam Dinamika Gaya Hidup Modern
Abstract
The current societal context reflects a shift in moral orientation and social behavior that has implications for challenges to the ethical framework and Islamic law. Lifestyles that emphasize materialism, excessive pleasure-seeking, and an emphasis on individual satisfaction have created tension between modern values and the basic principles of sharia. In this context, the concept of ‘Āmm wa Khāṣ as an important instrument in uṣūl al-fiqh plays a strategic role in building a contextual and adaptive understanding of law to social change without ignoring the basis of revelation. This study aims to reinterpret the meaning and methodological application of the concept of ‘Āmm wa Khāṣ as a basis for responding to the hedonistic lifestyle of modern society, while adhering to the main objectives of maqāṣid al-shari‘ah. Through a qualitative method based on literature studies and a normative-philosophical approach, this study found that the dynamic use of the concept of ‘Āmm wa Khāṣ enables Islamic law to be responsive and balanced in facing the moral challenges of modernity. This reinterpretation is not a change to divine law, but rather a reaffirmation of the flexibility and moral depth of Islamic law in upholding justice, moderation, and spiritual integrity amidst the dominance of hedonistic values. The results of this study confirm that the dynamic application of the concept of ‘Āmm wa Khāṣ can strengthen the flexibility of Islamic law in responding to the challenges of a modern hedonistic lifestyle.
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